63 source-reported values from 4 filed studies. Values are shown as printed in each source, with the basis and page. Studies differ in samples, methods and limits, so values are not directly comparable. Measured samples do not represent every product on the market.
Occurrence evidence
| analyte | value | unit | basis | source location | source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PFOS | 1.55 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); mean | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFOS row, Mean column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFOS | 0.73 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); median | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFOS row, Median column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFOS | 17.9 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); maximum | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFOS row, Max column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFOA | 3.30 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); mean | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFOA row, Mean column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFOA | 0.12 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); median | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFOA row, Median column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFOA | 252.00 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); maximum | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFOA row, Max column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFNA | 0.22 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); mean | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFNA row, Mean column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFNA | 0.03 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); median | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFNA row, Median column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFNA | 4.60 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); maximum | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFNA row, Max column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFHxS | 0.12 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); mean | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFHxS row, Mean column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFHxS | 0.02 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); median | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFHxS row, Median column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFHxS | 2.30 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); maximum | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFHxS row, Max column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFOS | 366.95 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); mean | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFOS row, Mean column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFOS | 299.75 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); median | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFOS row, Median column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFOS | 1437.70 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); maximum | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFOS row, Max column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFOA | 61.75 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); mean | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFOA row, Mean column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFOA | 5.85 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); median | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFOA row, Median column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFOA | 3145.00 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); maximum | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFOA row, Max column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFNA | 17.07 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); mean | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFNA row, Mean column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFNA | 9.25 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); median | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFNA row, Median column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFNA | 273.00 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); maximum | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFNA row, Max column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFHxS | 2.41 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); mean | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFHxS row, Mean column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFHxS | 1.19 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); median | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFHxS row, Median column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFHxS | 25.80 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); maximum | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFHxS row, Max column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| PFHxA | 1.02 | ng/g w.w. | Pork, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 2, Pork row, PFHxA row, PFHxA median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFOA | 5.91 | ng/g w.w. | Pork, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 2, Pork row, PFOA row, PFOA median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFDA | 3.63 | ng/g w.w. | Pork, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 2, Pork row, PFDA row, PFDA median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFHxS | 0.07 | ng/g w.w. | Pork, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Pork row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFOS | 0.28 | ng/g w.w. | Pork, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Pork row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFHxA | 1.21 | ng/g w.w. | Beef, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 2, Beef row, PFHxA row, PFHxA median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFOA | 8.27 | ng/g w.w. | Beef, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 2, Beef row, PFOA row, PFOA median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFDA | 3.70 | ng/g w.w. | Beef, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 2, Beef row, PFDA row, PFDA median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFHxS | 0.12 | ng/g w.w. | Beef, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Beef row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFOS | 0.11 | ng/g w.w. | Beef, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Beef row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFHxA | 1.02 | ng/g w.w. | Chicken, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 2, Chicken row, PFHxA row, PFHxA median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFOA | 6.49 | ng/g w.w. | Chicken, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 2, Chicken row, PFOA row, PFOA median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFDA | 3.35 | ng/g w.w. | Chicken, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 2, Chicken row, PFDA row, PFDA median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFHxS | 0.11 | ng/g w.w. | Chicken, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Chicken row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFOS | 0.16 | ng/g w.w. | Chicken, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Chicken row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFHxA | 1.69 | ng/g w.w. | Liver, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 2, Liver row, PFHxA row, PFHxA median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFOA | 5.87 | ng/g w.w. | Liver, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 2, Liver row, PFOA row, PFOA median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFDA | 26.5 | ng/g w.w. | Liver, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 2, Liver row, PFDA row, PFDA median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFHxS | 0.73 | ng/g w.w. | Liver, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Liver row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFOS | 5.65 | ng/g w.w. | Liver, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Liver row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| PFOA | 0.045-0.167 | µg/kg | Pig liver, Italy; concentration range | PDF p.3, Table 1, Liver block, PFOA row, Concentration range column | Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety |
| PFOA | 0.071 | µg/kg | Pig liver, Italy; mean | PDF p.3, Table 1, Liver block, PFOA row, Mean column | Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety |
| PFOA | 0.061 | µg/kg | Pig liver, Italy; median | PDF p.3, Table 1, Liver block, PFOA row, Median column | Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety |
| PFOS | 0.044-0.150 | µg/kg | Pig liver, Italy; concentration range | PDF p.3, Table 1, Liver block, PFOS row, Concentration range column | Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety |
| PFOS | 0.104 | µg/kg | Pig liver, Italy; mean | PDF p.3, Table 1, Liver block, PFOS row, Mean column | Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety |
| PFOS | 0.115 | µg/kg | Pig liver, Italy; median | PDF p.3, Table 1, Liver block, PFOS row, Median column | Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety |
| PFNA | 0.040-0.138 | µg/kg | Pig liver, Italy; concentration range | PDF p.3, Table 1, Liver block, PFNA row, Concentration range column | Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety |
| PFNA | 0.026 | µg/kg | Pig liver, Italy; mean | PDF p.3, Table 1, Liver block, PFNA row, Mean column | Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety |
| PFNA | 0.000 | µg/kg | Pig liver, Italy; median | PDF p.3, Table 1, Liver block, PFNA row, Median column | Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety |
| PFOA | 0.040-0.050 | µg/kg | Pig longissimus dorsi muscle, Italy; concentration range | PDF p.3, Table 1, Longissimus dorsi muscle block, PFOA row, Concentration range column | Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety |
| PFOA | 0.020 | µg/kg | Pig longissimus dorsi muscle, Italy; mean | PDF p.3, Table 1, Longissimus dorsi muscle block, PFOA row, Mean column | Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety |
| PFOA | 0% | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Meat and meat products (n = 53 pooled samples); detection rate | PDF p.8, Table 4, Meat and meat products block, PFOA row, Meat and meat products Detection column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| PFOA | 0.00 ± 0.00 | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Meat and meat products (n = 53 pooled samples); mean (lower bound) ± SD | PDF p.8, Table 4, Meat and meat products block, PFOA row, Meat and meat products Mean (LB) column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| PFOS | 4% | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Meat and meat products (n = 53 pooled samples); detection rate | PDF p.8, Table 4, Meat and meat products block, PFOS row, Meat and meat products Detection column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| PFOS | 0.00 ± 0.02 | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Meat and meat products (n = 53 pooled samples); mean (lower bound) ± SD | PDF p.8, Table 4, Meat and meat products block, PFOS row, Meat and meat products Mean (LB) column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| PFNA | 2% | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Meat and meat products (n = 53 pooled samples); detection rate | PDF p.8, Table 4, Meat and meat products block, PFNA row, Meat and meat products Detection column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| PFNA | 0.00 ± 0.00 | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Meat and meat products (n = 53 pooled samples); mean (lower bound) ± SD | PDF p.8, Table 4, Meat and meat products block, PFNA row, Meat and meat products Mean (LB) column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| PFHxS | 0% | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Meat and meat products (n = 53 pooled samples); detection rate | PDF p.8, Table 4, Meat and meat products block, PFHxS row, Meat and meat products Detection column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| PFHxS | 0.00 ± 0.00 | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Meat and meat products (n = 53 pooled samples); mean (lower bound) ± SD | PDF p.8, Table 4, Meat and meat products block, PFHxS row, Meat and meat products Mean (LB) column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
Analytical methods
Regulatory references
Navigation
Products · Analytes · Methodology
Evidence gaps
Sources
- Per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances in agricultural systems: Human dietary exposure via beef raised on corn stover from a field with contaminated biosolids
- An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver
- Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
- Preliminary results from monitoring perfluoroalkyl substances contamination in the livers of broiler chickens raised in Italy
- Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety
- Environmental Monitoring of PAHs, PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs, and PFASs in Wild Boar and Domestic Pig Tissues from Northern Italy
- Determination of Poly- and Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) in Livestock and Game Animals in Ghana: First Data on Contamination in the Liver Tissue of Mammals and Birds from Africa
- Fast and Sensitive Analysis of Short- and Long-Chain Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Foods of Animal Origin
- Correlation between the PFAS levels in bovine blood and the levels in the meat and offal of these animals
- Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of Legacy and Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Preprepared Meat and Aquatic Dishes - China, 2025
- Advancing PFASs monitoring in food: from targeted SPE-LC-MS/MS to non-targeted QuEChERS-LC-HRMS approaches
- Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study
- Prevalence of perfluoroalkyl substances in paired batches of precooked and canned bovine meat and their implication on consumer safety
- Occurrence, Distribution, and Risk Assessment of Perfluoroalkyl Acids (PFAAs) in Muscle and Liver of Cattle in Xinjiang, China
- Targeted quantification of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in livestock serum by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry
References
Sources explicitly cited in this page's body.
- An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver
- Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
- Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety
- Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study
- Per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances in agricultural systems: Human dietary exposure via beef raised on corn stover from a field with contaminated biosolids
- Preliminary results from monitoring perfluoroalkyl substances contamination in the livers of broiler chickens raised in Italy
- Environmental Monitoring of PAHs, PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs, and PFASs in Wild Boar and Domestic Pig Tissues from Northern Italy
- Determination of Poly- and Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) in Livestock and Game Animals in Ghana: First Data on Contamination in the Liver Tissue of Mammals and Birds from Africa
- Fast and Sensitive Analysis of Short- and Long-Chain Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Foods of Animal Origin
- Correlation between the PFAS levels in bovine blood and the levels in the meat and offal of these animals
- Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of Legacy and Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Preprepared Meat and Aquatic Dishes - China, 2025
- Advancing PFASs monitoring in food: from targeted SPE-LC-MS/MS to non-targeted QuEChERS-LC-HRMS approaches
- Prevalence of perfluoroalkyl substances in paired batches of precooked and canned bovine meat and their implication on consumer safety
- Occurrence, Distribution, and Risk Assessment of Perfluoroalkyl Acids (PFAAs) in Muscle and Liver of Cattle in Xinjiang, China
- Targeted quantification of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in livestock serum by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry