Infant Formula

16 source-reported values from 3 filed studies. Values are shown as printed in each source, with the basis and page. Studies differ in samples, methods and limits, so values are not directly comparable. Measured samples do not represent every product on the market.

Occurrence evidence

analyte	value	unit	basis	source location	source
PFBS	57	ng kg−1	Pooled infant formula; reported PFBS occurrence	PDF p.12 section 3.3; limit p.4 Table 1	Confirmatory Analysis of Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Milk and Infant Formula Using UHPLC-MS/MS
PFOS	12 (0.6)	ng/L	Laboratory 20% w/v infant formula solution; mean (SD)	PDF p.7 Table 3; preparation pp.3 to 4	Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in powdered infant formula: potential exposures and health risks
PFOS	0.054 (0.003)	ng/g	Infant formula powder; source-calculated dry-weight mean (SD)	PDF p.7 Table 3; calculation p.4	Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in powdered infant formula: potential exposures and health risks
PFOS	8.9	ng/L	Formula reconstituted according to label; source-calculated concentration	PDF p.7 Table 3; calculation p.4	Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in powdered infant formula: potential exposures and health risks
PFOA	4/20 (20)	count (%)	Infant formula; Frequency	PDF p.9 Table 1	Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
PFOA	0.02 ± 0.01	ng/g dry weight	Infant formula; Mean ± SD	PDF p.9 Table 1	Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
PFOA	0.03	ng/g dry weight	Infant formula; Median	PDF p.9 Table 1	Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
PFOA	0.01-0.03	ng/g dry weight	Infant formula; Min-Max	PDF p.9 Table 1	Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
PFDA	5/20 (25)	count (%)	Infant formula; Frequency	PDF p.9 Table 1	Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
PFDA	0.01 ± 0.001	ng/g dry weight	Infant formula; Mean ± SD	PDF p.9 Table 1	Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
PFDA	0.01	ng/g dry weight	Infant formula; Median	PDF p.9 Table 1	Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
PFDA	0.009-0.011	ng/g dry weight	Infant formula; Min-Max	PDF p.9 Table 1	Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
PFBS	18/20 (90)	count (%)	Infant formula; Frequency	PDF p.9 Table 1	Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
PFBS	0.096 ± 0.03	ng/g dry weight	Infant formula; Mean ± SD	PDF p.9 Table 1	Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
PFBS	0.09	ng/g dry weight	Infant formula; Median	PDF p.9 Table 1	Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
PFBS	0.04-0.13	ng/g dry weight	Infant formula; Min-Max	PDF p.9 Table 1	Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT

Analytical methods

Regulatory references

Products · Analytes · Methodology

Evidence gaps

Sources

Confirmatory Analysis of Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Milk and Infant Formula Using UHPLC-MS/MS
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in powdered infant formula: potential exposures and health risks
Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT

References

Sources explicitly cited in this page's body.

Search the reference